#1. In the four-step travel demand model, where are origin-destination movements between zones estimated?
#2. A 52 kg cart increases speed from 8 m/s to 16 m/s on level track. Neglecting losses, what net work is required?
#3. For real flow between two points, which Bernoulli extension is correct?
#4. For a retaining wall with uniform surcharge q=15 kPa and active coefficient Ka=0.33, what is lateral force from surcharge over height H=6 m (per meter length)?
#5. A fully restrained steel member has E=207 GPa, α=1.2e-05 /°C, and temperature rise ΔT=102°C. What thermal stress develops (σ=EαΔT)?
#6. Given specific gravity Gs=2.75, water content w=16%, and void ratio e=0.55, compute degree of saturation Sr=wGs/e.
#7. A circular shaft transmits torque T=2000 N·mm. At radius r=13 mm with polar moment J=1000000 mm^4, what is torsional shear stress τ=Tr/J?
#8. A rectangular plate 14in×6in has a centered rectangular hole 12in×4in. What is ȳ from the base?
#9. Direct shear test interpretation gives c=8 kPa and φ=28°. At normal stress 100 kPa, what peak shear stress is predicted?
#10. When comparing wastewater lab data against permit limits, which data-quality practice is essential before compliance decisions?
#11. Flow in a reducer has D1=0.5 m, D2=0.15 m, and upstream velocity V1=1.5 m/s. By continuity, what is V2?
#12. A force with components Fx = 16 N, Fy = 6 N is applied at position (x, y)=(8, 8) m from O. What is scalar moment M_O = xFy – yFx?
#13. Which method is commonly used to solve elementary statically indeterminate beams by compatibility and superposition?
#14. For a reinforced concrete beam, As=4.0 in^2, fy=75 ksi, d=20 in, a=2.5 in. Compute design moment φMn with Mn=Asfy(d-a/2), φ=0.9.
#15. Using NRCS runoff method: for storm P=3.5 in and curve number CN=75, compute runoff depth Q (in).
#16. In slope stability analyses, increasing positive pore-water pressure along a potential slip surface generally causes what effect?
#17. A consultant deviates from accepted pavement testing standards and the owner incurs $199000 in corrective work. Which legal theory most directly supports owner recovery?
#18. For an asphalt mix with binder content 5.6% by total mass, Gsb=2.7, and bulk mix specific gravity Gmb=2.45, estimate air voids Va (%).
#19. For a retaining wall with uniform surcharge q=15 kPa and active coefficient Ka=0.38, what is lateral force from surcharge over height H=7 m (per meter length)?
#20. Apply one Newton-Raphson iteration to estimate the root of x^5 – 85 = 0 starting from x0 = 2. What is x1?
#21. A fine-grained soil plots above the A-line with LL=62 and PI=34. Under USCS, what classification is most likely?
#22. During flood routing, why is reservoir stage-storage-discharge relationship essential?
#23. A cut of 4640 bank yd^3 has swell 25%, hauled in 14-yd^3 trucks. Round-trip cycle is 18 min, 8-hour day, efficiency 0.85. What minimum number of trucks is needed to haul in one day?
#24. Coordinates of a triangular lot are (2719,2935), (3041,2935), (2888,3141) ft. What is the area by coordinate method?
#25. A floor framing plan shows beam B3 at grid intersection C-5, while a general note states all beam marks reference the beam schedule for size, camber, and connection type. Which workflow best ensures correct field installation?
#26. A flood-mitigation project provides immediate present-value benefits of $299000. Initial cost is $145000 plus annual O&M of $17000 for 9 years at 7%. What is the benefit-cost ratio?
#27. A signalized intersection has heavy left-turn demand causing spillback. Which control strategy is most direct for reducing opposing-flow conflicts and delay?
#28. When comparing wastewater lab data against permit limits, which data-quality practice is essential before compliance decisions?
#29. In slope stability analyses, increasing positive pore-water pressure along a potential slip surface generally causes what effect?
#30. Two coplanar forces act at a point: F1 = 18 N at 33° from +x and F2 = 15 N at 117° from +x. What is resultant magnitude?
#31. Using LRFD combo U=1.2D+1.6L+0.5W with D=92 kip, L=76 kip, W=39 kip, what is factored load U?
#32. Using LRFD combo U=1.2D+1.6L+0.5W with D=61 kip, L=66 kip, W=73 kip, what is factored load U?
#33. A consultant deviates from accepted pavement testing standards and the owner incurs $107000 in corrective work. Which legal theory most directly supports owner recovery?
#34. A simply supported beam span 20 ft has full-span UDL w=4 kip/ft plus point load P=15 kip at x=11 ft from left. What is the maximum positive bending moment (approx., governing critical section)?
#35. For crest vertical curve design with grade change A=5.0%, choose K=39.42 from SSD criteria (given). What curve length L=KA is required?
#36. A particle starts with speed 21 m/s and constant acceleration 6 m/s^2 over displacement 27 m. Using v^2=v0^2+2as, what is final speed?
#37. Given vectors a=[9, 1, 2] and b=[7, 8, 1], what is the scalar projection of a onto b (comp_b a)?
#38. Between two points in water system: p1=220 kPa, z1=110.0 m, V1=1.2 m/s; p2=80 kPa, z2=100.0 m, V2=2.4 m/s; headloss=2.5 m. Required pump head?
#39. A detention pond outlet is redesigned to reduce post-development peak flow to pre-development levels. Which principle is most directly applied?
#40. A mat foundation is often selected over isolated spread footings when:
#41. For stress state σx=168 MPa, σy=-12 MPa, τxy=72 MPa, what is in-plane maximum shear stress τmax (Mohr’s circle)?
#42. For crest vertical curve design with grade change A=3.0%, choose K=39.42 from SSD criteria (given). What curve length L=KA is required?
#43. A steel coupon tested to ASTM tension standards shows yield at 52 ksi and ultimate at 67 ksi. Which interpretation is most accurate for structural design checks?
#44. A vertical rectangular gate (width 2.0 m) retains water to depth 1.8 m. What is resultant hydrostatic force on the gate?
#45. Using Greenshields model v=vf(1-k/kj), maximum flow occurs at k=kj/2. For vf=55 mph and kj=180 veh/mi/ln, what is qmax?
#46. A bid has direct costs: labor $180,000, equipment $155,000, materials $210,000, subcontracts $160,000. Apply bond 2.0%, overhead 12%, and fee 6% to direct cost. What is total bid?
#47. A concrete design uses water=204 kg/m^3, w/c=0.45, and cement specific gravity=3.1. What is the absolute volume of cement in 1 m^3 of concrete?
#48. Using AASHTO-style SN=a1D1+a2m2D2+a3m3D3, with SN=4.8, a1=0.44, D1=4.0 in, a2=0.14, m2=1.1, and ignoring D3, what base thickness D2 is needed?
#49. Same steel column has K=1.0 for frame A and K=1.0 for frame B. What is ratio Pcr,A / Pcr,B?
#50. Simply supported beam L=36 ft has UDL w=1.8 kip/ft plus point load P=12 kip at a=10 ft from left. What is governing positive moment (critical section approximation)?
#51. Why is disinfection placed after secondary clarification in most treatment trains?
#52. For real flow between two points, which Bernoulli extension is correct?
#53. A flood-mitigation project provides immediate present-value benefits of $576000. Initial cost is $243000 plus annual O&M of $22000 for 6 years at 6%. What is the benefit-cost ratio?
#54. For earthwork, cross-sectional areas are A1=1614, Am=928, A2=1948 ft^2 over spacing L=112 ft. What volume by prismoidal formula?
#55. Given vectors a=[9, -6, 5] and b=[5, 7, 7], what is the scalar projection of a onto b (comp_b a)?
#56. A circular shaft transmits torque T=4000 N·mm. At radius r=12 mm with polar moment J=600000 mm^4, what is torsional shear stress τ=Tr/J?
#57. Using AASHTO-style SN=a1D1+a2m2D2+a3m3D3, with SN=4.0, a1=0.44, D1=4.0 in, a2=0.14, m2=0.9, and ignoring D3, what base thickness D2 is needed?
#58. A plane truss has m=29 members, j=13 joints, r=5 reaction components. What is degree of static indeterminacy m+r-2j?
#59. A consultant deviates from accepted pavement testing standards and the owner incurs $191000 in corrective work. Which legal theory most directly supports owner recovery?
#60. An asphalt overlay covers 740 m × 22 m at compacted thickness 0.25 m. Use mix density 2500 kg/m^3 and supply+place cost $95/metric ton. What is estimated cost?
#61. A rehabilitation program costs $22000 at year-end for 8 years. At interest rate 6%, what is the present worth?
#62. A rehabilitation program costs $13000 at year-end for 7 years. At interest rate 6%, what is the present worth?
#63. A grading detail indicates slope 1V:8H. If vertical rise is 1.5 m, what horizontal run is required?
#64. For real flow between two points, which Bernoulli extension is correct?
#65. A simply supported beam span 11 m has full-span UDL w=12 kN/m plus point load P=21 kN at x=9 m from left. What is the maximum positive bending moment (approx., governing critical section)?
#66. A plane truss has m=21 members, j=9 joints, r=6 reaction components. What is degree of static indeterminacy m+r-2j?
#67. A concrete acceptance plan uses compressive tests at 7 and 28 days. Why are both ages useful?
#68. A block of weight 328 lb is on a 10° incline with μs=0.35. What minimum force parallel to plane is required to start moving it up the incline?
#69. Given vectors a=[7, -5, 0] and b=[7, 7, 1], what is the scalar projection of a onto b (comp_b a)?
#70. Traverse has two legs: 457 m at azimuth 70°, then 299 m at azimuth 100°. What is straight-line distance from start to end?
#71. A particle starts with speed 8 ft/s and constant acceleration 6 ft/s^2 over displacement 153 ft. Using v^2=v0^2+2as, what is final speed?
#72. A vertical rectangular gate (width 3.0 m) retains water to depth 1.2 m. What is resultant hydrostatic force on the gate?
#73. A simply supported beam span 11 m has full-span UDL w=8 kN/m plus point load P=16 kN at x=9 m from left. What is the maximum positive bending moment (approx., governing critical section)?
#74. A pump delivers Q=0.12 m^3/s against total dynamic head H=22 m at efficiency η=0.82. What input power is required?
#75. Using Greenshields model v=vf(1-k/kj), maximum flow occurs at k=kj/2. For vf=55 mph and kj=180 veh/mi/ln, what is qmax?
#76. Coordinates of a triangular lot are (1894,1395), (2106,1395), (2045,1569) ft. What is the area by coordinate method?
#77. A flood-mitigation project provides immediate present-value benefits of $605000. Initial cost is $483000 plus annual O&M of $10000 for 10 years at 6%. What is the benefit-cost ratio?
#78. For a rectangle b=5 m, h=5 m, find I_x about an axis parallel to centroidal x-axis and offset by d=3 m using parallel-axis theorem.
#79. A signalized intersection has heavy left-turn demand causing spillback. Which control strategy is most direct for reducing opposing-flow conflicts and delay?
#80. Apply one Newton-Raphson iteration to estimate the root of x^4 – 102 = 0 starting from x0 = 7. What is x1?
#81. A contractor must choose between two earthmoving spreads. Spread X has higher nominal output but frequent delays; Spread Y has lower nominal output with significantly better reliability and safer haul routes. Which decision basis is most appropriate?
#82. In slope stability analyses, increasing positive pore-water pressure along a potential slip surface generally causes what effect?
#83. A 78 kg block slides down a 15° incline with kinetic friction μ=0.2. What is acceleration magnitude along plane (g=9.81 m/s^2)?
#84. A block of weight 137 lb is on a 15° incline with μs=0.4. What minimum force parallel to plane is required to start moving it up the incline?
#85. For the circle (x–1)^2 + (y–3)^2 = 16 and the line y = 1x + -6.53, how many real intersection points are there?
#86. Coordinates of a triangular lot are (1063,2755), (1541,2755), (1171,3043) ft. What is the area by coordinate method?
#87. A fully restrained steel member has E=203 GPa, α=1.3e-05 /°C, and temperature rise ΔT=92°C. What thermal stress develops (σ=EαΔT)?
#88. CPM network has two parallel paths from start to finish: Path 1 durations 4 and 7 days; Path 2 durations 5 and 7 days. What is project duration?
#89. A mat foundation is often selected over isolated spread footings when:
#90. Use first-order linearization about x0 = 2 to estimate sqrt(9x + 18) at x = 2.08.
#91. A project allocates overhead to all departments, but one alternative requires dedicated temporary traffic control staff not used otherwise. How should this staff cost be treated in alternative selection?
#92. A block of weight 432 lb is on a 15° incline with μs=0.3. What minimum force parallel to plane is required to start moving it up the incline?
#93. For an asphalt mix with binder content 5.6% by total mass, Gsb=2.7, and bulk mix specific gravity Gmb=2.4, estimate air voids Va (%).
#94. A unit-price contract has a bid item quantity underrun. Original amount is $57500. A signed change order adds $9300 for additional dewatering. What is the revised contract amount?
#95. For a retaining wall with uniform surcharge q=15 kPa and active coefficient Ka=0.28, what is lateral force from surcharge over height H=7 m (per meter length)?
#96. Use first-order linearization about x0 = 4 to estimate sqrt(7x + 25) at x = 4.08.
#97. A cut of 2667 bank yd^3 has swell 20%, hauled in 10-yd^3 trucks. Round-trip cycle is 30 min, 8-hour day, efficiency 0.8. What minimum number of trucks is needed to haul in one day?
#98. A force with components Fx = 20 lb, Fy = 14 lb is applied at position (x, y)=(5, 2) ft from O. What is scalar moment M_O = xFy – yFx?
#99. A steel tension member has gross area Ag=10.0 in^2 and Fy=65 ksi. If yielding controls with φ=0.9, what is design strength φPn?
#100. A steel coupon tested to ASTM tension standards shows yield at 52 ksi and ultimate at 67 ksi. Which interpretation is most accurate for structural design checks?
#101. A contractor must choose between two earthmoving spreads. Spread X has higher nominal output but frequent delays; Spread Y has lower nominal output with significantly better reliability and safer haul routes. Which decision basis is most appropriate?
#102. In the four-step travel demand model, where are origin-destination movements between zones estimated?
#103. Between two points in water system: p1=180 kPa, z1=110.0 m, V1=1.2 m/s; p2=60 kPa, z2=95.0 m, V2=2.0 m/s; headloss=3.0 m. Required pump head?
#104. Differential leveling run: BM elev=224 ft; BS1=6.52 ft, FS1=5.94 ft, BS2=6.43 ft, FS2=3.12 ft. What is ending elevation?
#105. A plane truss has m=17 members, j=15 joints, r=5 reaction components. What is degree of static indeterminacy m+r-2j?
#106. A bracing panel is spanned by vectors u=[-5, -5, -2] m and v=[2, 4, 7] m. The panel area equals |u x v|. What is that area?
#107. For a confined aquifer drawdown screening (Cooper-Jacob style), with pumping Q=700 m^3/day, transmissivity T=350 m^2/day, and dimensionless log term log10(…)=2.903, estimate drawdown coefficient part s=Q/(2πT)*log term.
#108. For crest vertical curve design with grade change A=5.0%, choose K=39.42 from SSD criteria (given). What curve length L=KA is required?
#109. Simply supported beam L=36 ft has UDL w=1.8 kip/ft plus point load P=12 kip at a=8 ft from left. What is governing positive moment (critical section approximation)?
